Ad hoc networks, also called wireless self-organized networks, are multi-hop real time autonomous systems which are formed by a set of mobile terminals with wireless transceiver. Independent of infrastructure and distributed control mechanism, nodes can move around randomly in the network. Communications between nodes rely on forwarding of intermediate nodes. Frequently random movement of nodes will result in time-varying characteristics of network topology. Therefore, routing algorithm is a key issue in the research of Ad hoc networks.Routing protocol focuses on the way of setting up path from source to destination andtransmitting information correctly along this path. In view of these features, routing protocols of Ad hoc networks are different from those of wired networks and center control wireless networks. Several points must be taken into account in the design of routing protocols, such as no center node, multi-hop, self-organized and energy constraint. Routing protocols have become the key points and challenges in the research of wireless self-organized networks protocol stack design.This thesis mainly research load balance technologies of routing protocols in Ad hoc networks, which can solve the congestion problem of routing protocols in traditional mobile self-organized networks.
